Development of an on-chip Power Divider for the Quantum Voltage Chip
LI Xiaoyu1,XU Sisi1,CHENG Qianshuo2,ZHONG Yuan2,CAO Wenhui2,LI Jinjin2
1. College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China
2. National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029, China
Abstract：Using the power divider in the quantum voltage chip is one of the most important methods to improve the quantum output amplitude of the quantum chip. The π-type LC circuit can achieve a small on-chip Wilkinson power divider, and add a λ/4 converter to broaden the working bandwidth. Developing an on-chip broadband Wilkinson power divider based on the design simulation. In the range of 13GHz to 23GHz, the power allocation is given in (3.0±0.25)dB. In the range of 12GHz to 23GHz, its input and output reflections are respectively below -12dB and -10.5dB. In the range of 1.5GHz to 30GHz, three arrays with power divider are irradiated by microwave. The test result shows that the three Josephson junction arrays are the same, proving that the power divider can effectively achieve two-way equal output.
李晓宇,徐思思,程千硕,钟源,曹文会,李劲劲. 量子电压芯片中片上功分器的研究[J]. 计量学报, 2024, 45(12): 1855-1861.
LI Xiaoyu,XU Sisi,CHENG Qianshuo,ZHONG Yuan,CAO Wenhui,LI Jinjin. Development of an on-chip Power Divider for the Quantum Voltage Chip. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2024, 45(12): 1855-1861.
DRESSELHAUS P D, BENZ S P, BURROUGHS C J, et al. Design of SNS Josephson arrays for high voltage applications[J]. IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity, 2007, 17(2): 173-176.
[9]
SCHULZE H, BEHR R, KOHLMANN K, et al. Design and fabrication of 10V SINIS Josephson arrays for programmable voltage standards[J].Supercond Sci Technol, 2000,13(9):1293-1295.
[10]
MUELLER F, BEHR R, PALAFOX L, et al. Improved 10V SINIS series arrays for applications in AC voltage metrology[J]. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond, 2007, 17(21): 649-652.
[12]
TIAN H, KIELER O, BEHR R, et al. Investigation of broadband Wilkinson power dividers for pulse-driven Josephson voltage standards[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, 31(5): 1-5.
[15]
ELSBURY M M, DRESSELHAUS P D, BERGREN N F, et al. Broadband lumped-element integrated N-way power dividers for voltage standards[J]. IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2009, 57(8): 2055-2063.
[17]
WANG L R, LI J J, WANG X S, et al. An on-chip planar broadband 3-Way power divider for Josephson voltage circuits[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2020, 31(1): 1-4.
ZHENG Q L, LIANG Q J, SHI X Y. Design of Wilkinson Power Divider [J]. Journal of Microwave, 2014, 30 (S1): 237-240
FLOWERS-JACOBS N E, WALTMAN S B, FOX A E, et al. Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer with two layers of Wilkinson dividers and an FIR filter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26(6): 1-7.
[5]
ELSBURY M M. Broadband microwave integrated circuits for voltage standard applications[D]. University of Colorado at Boulder, 2010.
SU F F, YANG Z H. Josephson effect and the basic physics principles of superconducting quantum circuits [J]. Physics and Engineering, 2021, 31 (5): 28-33.
[13]
YAMAMORI H, YAMADA T, SASAKI H, et al. A 10V programmable Josephson voltage standard circuit with a maximum output voltage of 20V[J]. Superconductor Science and Technology, 2008, 21(10): 105007.
[14]
ELSBURY M M, DRESSELHAUS P D, BENZ S P, et al. Integrated broadband lumped-element symmetrical-hybrid N-way power dividers[C]// IEEE. IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. 2009: 997-1000.
[16]
FLOWERS-JACOBS N E, FOX A E, DRESSELHAUS P D, et al. Two-volt Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer using Wilkinson dividers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26(6): 1-7.
LI Y F, FU Z H. Principle and analysis of quarter-wavelength impedance converter[J]. Journal of Nanchang College, 2011, 26 (6): 176-178.
[21]
WILKINSON E J. An N-way hybrid power divider[J]. IRE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 1960, 8(1): 116-118.
[23]
POZAR D M. Microwave engineering[M]. New York, 2009.
MLlER F, SCHELLER T, WENDISCH R, et al. NbSi barrier junctions tuned for metrological applications up to 70GHz: 20V arrays for programmable Josephson voltage standards[J]. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond,2013,23(3): 1101005.
LI L Q, LIANG C H, SUN Z. A study of characteristic impedance of quarter-wave stepped impedance transformers[J]. Applied Technology, 2008 (7): 27-29.
[27]
TIAN H, KIELER O, BEHR R, et al. Investigation of broadband Wilkinson power dividers for pulse-driven Josephson voltage standards[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, 31(5): 1-5.
MAKINENI G S, JOINES W T. Comparison of the broadband performance of two-way power dividers and combiners[J]. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 1998, 17(1): 29-37.
[24]
NORIEGA F, GONZLEZ P J. Designing LC Wilkinson power splitters [J]. RF interconnects/interfaces, 2002, 25(8):18-24.
[26]
齐立荣. 平面螺旋电感的计算和仿真研究[D]. 大连:大连海事大学, 2007.
WANG Z Y, ZENG J S, GAO H, et al. Fabrication of Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb Josephson Junction Films by a Sputtering Process with a Long Target-substrate Distance[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2023, 44(9): 1333-1338.
2024, Vol. 45 
