基于SQUID的直流电阻电桥指零仪设计

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2021.10.14

摘要
图/表
参考文献(17)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1345 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要设计了一款基于超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)的直流电阻电桥指零仪电路,该电路可用作高精度电阻电桥中低值电阻(0.1~100Ω)测量的指零仪电路。通过自制SQUID外围电路并优化电路其输入耦合线圈的互感值,实现微弱电桥不平衡电流的精密测量。与传统电阻电桥基于测量不平衡电压的纳伏计指零仪相比,其检测灵敏度在中低值电阻测量范围有数量级的提升。设计的作为指零仪的SQUID磁通锁定环1/f转折频率在2Hz左右,磁通白噪声水平在3.5μΦ₀/ $\100dpi \inline \sqrt{Hz}$ 左右,并且输入线圈与SQUID互感系数高达10nH,其等效的电流白噪声密度0.7pA/ $\100dpi \inline \sqrt{Hz}$ 。将其用作电阻电桥指零仪测量100Ω标准电阻(工作电流为10mA)的分辨率可达到10^-11量级。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	张鹏
	鄢志丹
	赵建亭
	鲁云峰

关键词 ：计量学, 指零仪, 直流电阻电桥, 超导量子干涉仪, 中低值电阻, 分辨率

Abstract：A DC resistance bridge null-detector circuit based on superconducting quantum interferometer (SQUID) is designed. The circuit can be used as a null-detector circuit for measuring low and medium value resistance (0.1~100Ω) in high-precision resistance bridges. By making the SQUID peripheral circuit and optimizing the mutual inductance value of its input coupling coil, the precise measurement of unbalanced current of weak bridge is realized. Compared with the traditional resistance bridge based on the nanovoltmeter null-detector measuring unbalance voltage, its detection sensitivity is improved by an order of magnitude in the low-to-medium resistance measurement range. The 1/f corner frequency of SQUID flux locked loop system which is designed as a null-detector, is about 2Hz and the white noise level of the magnetic flux is about 3.5μΦ₀/ $\100dpi \inline \sqrt{Hz}$ . And the mutual inductance between input coil and SQUID is as high as 10nH, its equivalent current white noise density 0.7pA/ $\100dpi \inline \sqrt{Hz}$ . When it is used as a resistance bridge null-detector to measure 100Ω standard resistance (operating current is 10 mA), the resolution can reach the order of 10^-11.

Key words： metrology null-detector DC resistance bridge SQUID low-medium resistance;resolution

收稿日期: 2020-03-19 发布日期: 2021-10-18

PACS:

TB971

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51777199)

通讯作者: 鲁云峰(1981-),新疆米泉人,中国计量科学研究院副研究员,主要从事量子电学计量的相关研究。Email:luyf@nim.ac.cn E-mail: luyf@nim.ac.cn

作者简介: 张鹏(1996-),山西吕梁人,中国石油大学(华东)硕士研究生,研究方向为低温超导量子干涉仪的相关研究。Email:zhangjiaydnl@163.com

引用本文:

张鹏,鄢志丹,赵建亭,鲁云峰. 基于SQUID的直流电阻电桥指零仪设计[J]. 计量学报, 2021, 42(10): 1349-1353.
ZHANG Peng,YAN Zhi-dan,ZHAO Jian-ting,LU Yun-feng. Design of Null-Detector for DC Resistance Bridge Based on SQUID. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2021, 42(10): 1349-1353.

链接本文:

http://jlxb.china-csm.org:81/Jwk_jlxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2021.10.14 或 http://jlxb.china-csm.org:81/Jwk_jlxb/CN/Y2021/V42/I10/1349

［1］马爱文, 曲兴华. SI基本单位量子化重新定义及其意义［J］. 计量学报, 2020, 41 (2): 129-133.
Ma A W, Qu X H. Redefinition and significance of the quantization of SI basic units ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2020, 41 (2): 129-133.
［2］
周琨荔,韩琪娜,赵建亭,等. 1V脉冲驱动型交流量子电压源研究［J］. 计量学报, 2020, 41(12): 1529-1535.
Zhou K L, Han Q N, Zhao J T, et al. Pulse-driven AC Josephson Voltage Standard with an Output Voltage of One Volt［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2020, 41(12): 1529-1535.
［3］张钟华, 贺青, 李正坤, 等. 中国的量子化霍尔电阻标准［J］. 中国计量, 2005,(4): 49-51.
Zhang Z H, He Q, Li Z K, et al. Quantum Hall Resistance Standards in China ［J］. China Metrology, 2005,(4): 49-51.
［4］Basu S K, Kusters N L. Comparison of standard resistors by the DC current comparator［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 1965 (3): 149-156.
［5］Zhao J, Lu Y, Zhai C, et al. Method for the absolute calibration of direct-current current transducers［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2019, 68 (6): 1961-1966.
［6］Sanchez C A, Wood B M, Inglis A D.CCC bridge with digitally controlled current sources ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2009, 58 (4): 1202-1205.
［7］Williams J M, Rietveld G, Houtzager E, et al. Design Considerations for a CCC Bridge With Complete Digital Control ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation & Measurement, 2011, 60 (12): 3907-3912.
［8］吴键, 李正坤, 陈乐, 等. 精密电阻器热阻分析与测定方法研究［J］. 计量学报, 2015, 36 (3): 299-302.
Wu J, Li Z K, Chen L, et al. Research on the analysis and determination method of thermal resistance of precision resistors ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2015, 36 (3): 299-302.
［9］Zaslavsky V, Ploshinsky A.New generation of electrical resistance measures［C］//European Scientific Metrological Conf. 1992: 53.
［10］Pritchard B J, Grime R C. Fabrication of reference standard 1 ohm resistors from Evanohm S alloy［C］// IEEE. Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements. 1990: 290-291.
［11］李正坤, 贺青, 张钟华, 等. 提高低温电流比较仪测量准确度的几方面措施［J］. 计量学报, 2004, 25 (4): 289-293.
Li Z K, He Q, Zhang Z H et al. Several measures to improve the measurement accuracy of the low tempera-ture current comparator ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2004, 25 (4): 289-293.
［12］周力任, 潘洋, 朱力, 等. 直流电流比较仪双铁芯磁性能一致性的研究［J］. 计量学报, 2017, 38 (3): 336-339.
Zhou L R, Pan Y, Zhu L, et al. Study on the consistency of the magnetic properties of the dual-core DC current comparator ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2017, 38 (3): 336-339.
［13］Ploshinsky A.Transformer bridge for the high-accuracy comparisons of standard resistors at low frequencies［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 1995, 44 (2): 414-417.
［14］MacMartin M P, Kusters N L. A direct-current-comparator ratio bridge for four-terminal resistance measure-ments［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 1966, 15 (4): 212-220.
［15］Drung D, Matz H, Koch H. A 5MHz bandwidth SQUID magnetometer with additional positive feedback［J］. Review of Scientific Instruments, 1995, 66 (4): 3008-3015.
［16］Wellstood F, Heiden C, Clarke J. Integrated dc SQUID magnetometer with a high slew rate［J］. Review of Scientific Instruments, 1984, 55 (6): 952-957.
［17］Callegaro L, DElia V, Kucˇera J, et al. Selfcom-pensating networks for four-terminal-pair impedance definition in current comparator bridges［J］. IEEE Transac-tions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2015, 65 (5): 1149-1155.