Abstract：Based on the differences on material and geometry properties among silicon spheres and other regular mass standards, an improved method to determine the air buoyancy correction in the silicon sphere mass measurement was proposed. Six types of air buoyancy fluctuations were concluded by studying the real-time data of air density during the mass measurement of silicon sphere. Since the environment conditions are changeable, it was observed that the air buoyancy fluctuations of 1×10-4kg/m3 were existed between any two adjacent weighing processes in mass measurement of silicon sphere. About 15.1～30.2μg errors in the air buoyancy correction can be produced by ignoring the air density fluctuation in the mass measurement of a 1kg silicon sphere (using a 1kg platinum-iridium weight as reference standard).
彭程,王健. 用于量值传递的高精度单晶硅球质量测量研究[J]. 计量学报, 2021, 42(3): 265-270.
PENG Cheng,WANG Jian. Research on High Accuracy Mass Measurement of Silicon Sphere in the Dissemination of Mass Unit. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2021, 42(3): 265-270.
［1］张钟华. 量子计量基准的现状 ［J］. 仪器仪表学报, 2011, 32(1): 1-5.
Zhang Z H. Development of quantum measurement standards［J］. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2011, 32(1): 1-5.
［2］李辰, 韩冰, 贺青, 等. 实现质量量子基准的两种途径 ［J］. 计量学报, 2014, 35(5): 517-520.
Li C, Han B, He Q, et al. Two Approaches on Quantum Mass Standard［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2014, 35(5): 517-520.
［3］Mizushima S, Kuramoto N, Zhang L L, et al. Mass Measurement of Si-28-Enriched Spheres at NMIJ for the Determination of the Avogadro Constant［C］//IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2017, 1275-1282.
［4］Fujii K, Bettin H, Becker P, et al. Realization of the kilogram by the XRCD method［J］. Metrologia, 2016, 53(5): A19-A45.
［5］Bettin H, Fujii K, Nicolaus A. Silicon spheres for the future realization of the kilogram and the mole［J］. Comptes rendus Physique, 2019, 20(1-2): 64-76.
［6］Mueller M, Beckhoff B, Beyer E, et al. Quantitative surface characterization of silicon spheres by combined XRF and XPS analysis for the determination of the Avogadro constant［J］. Metrologia, 2017, 54(5): 653-662.
［7］Knopf D, Wiedenhoefer T, Lehrmann K, et al. A quantum of action on a scale? Dissemination of the quantum based kilogram［J］. Metrologia, 2019, 56(2): 024003-1-024003-9.
［8］Zhang L L, Kuramoto N, Kurokawa A, et al. XPS study of silicon spheres as a density standard［J］. Metrologia, 2019, 51(4): 400-407.
［9］Borys M, Glaser M, Mecke M. Mass Determination Of Silicon Spheres Used for the Avogadro Project［J］. Measurement, 2007, 40(7/8): 785-790.
［10］Picard A. Primary mass calibration of silicon spheres［J］. Measurement Science & Technology, 2006, 17(10): 2540-2544.
［11］王健. 质量单位变革的历程 ［J］. 计量技术, 2019(5): 34-35.
［12］Kuramoto N, Azuma Y, Inaba H, et al.
Volume measurements of 28Si spheres by an improved optical interferometer and ellipsometer to determine the Avogadro constant［C］//CPEM 2014, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2014, 210-211.
［13］Mizushima S, Kuramoto N, Ueda K, et al. Mass Measurement of 1kg Silicon Spheres for Determination of the Avogadro and Planck Constants［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2015, 64(6): 1527-1532.
［14］Berry J, Davidson S. Effect of pressure on the sorption correction to stainless steel, platinum/iridium and silicon mass artefacts［J］. Metrologia, 2014, 51(2): S107-S113.
［15］Wegge R, Bettin H, Knopf D, et al. Dissemination of the kilogram via silicon spheres［C］// EUSPEN, Proceedings of the 17th International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, Hannover, Germany, 2017, 321-322.
［16］Mizushima S, Kuramoto N, Ueda K, et al. Mass Measurement of 1kg Silicon Spheres for Determination of the Avogadro and Planck Constants［J］. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2015, 64(6): 1527-1532.
2021, Vol. 42 
