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| Characterizing the Analog-to-digital Converter with Quantum Voltages |
| LIANG Qiming1,2,HAN Qina2,3,SHI Yang2,ZHOU Kunli2,YANG Yan2,XU Rui1,JIN Shangzhong1,ZHAO Jianting2,QU Jifeng2 |
1. China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
2. National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
3. Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China |
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Abstract Along with the technological progress of analog-to-digital converters, characterizing these high-precision converters becomes more challenging. Different from the conventional signal source made by semiconductor artifacts, Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer (JAWS) based on the macroscopic quantum effect can be traced to Josephsons constant, hence its waveform has ultra-low noise and ultra-low distortions. The performance of the National Instruments 24-bit digitizer PXI 5922 is evaluated by using a Josephson arbitrary waveform generator. The zero-compensation waveform synthesis method is used to simplify the system hardware structure, and high-precision, multi-scale inductive voltage dividers are used to improve evaluation efficiency.Firstly, calibrations of the gain, stability, signal-to-noise ratio, spurious-free dynamic range, total harmonic distortion, signal-to-noise and distortion ratio, and the effective numbers of bits, are presented, where the frequencies are up to 10kHz. Secondly, the phase differences between the two channels of PXI 5922 are calibrated. Finally, according to the harmonic characteristics of the power grid, the amplitude and phase responses of harmonics within the 12th are calibrated with the fundamental frequency of 60Hz. With outstanding accuracy and wide bandwidth, JAWS is valuable in evaluating high-precision analog-to-digital converters.
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Received: 18 January 2023
Published: 23 May 2024
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2024, Vol. 45 
