|
|
|
| Study on the Realization of Aluminum Freezing Point in the Three-zone Temperature Controlled Fixed Point Furnace |
| HE Pei1,2,LIN Lin1,YAN Xiao-ke2,ZHANG Ming-yu2,WANG Ning2 |
1. University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2. National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The vertical temperature uniformity of the fixed-point furnace is an important factor affecting the plateau quality of the fixed-points of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90). In order to improve the reproducibility of the aluminum freezing point, a three-zone temperature-controlled fixed-point furnace was designed, and the aluminum fixed point cell with a metal shell was used to study the vertical temperature uniformity and its influencing factors. On this basis, the continuous heat flux method was adopted to precisely realize the aluminum freezing point. The experimental results show that the temperature uniformity can be improved by adjusting the settings of the top, middle, and bottom furnace temperatures, and the temperature stability of the freezing plateau within 4 hours is less than 1mK. The phase transition supercooling of the high purity aluminum is approximately 0.14℃ under the experimental conditions.
|
|
Received: 09 October 2020
Published: 23 March 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
［1］Preston-Thomas H. The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)［J］. Metrologia, 1990, 27(2): 107-107.
［2］Li X M. Realization of the Freezing Point of Aluminium［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 1989, 10(2): 97-100.
［3］王玉兰, 李訏谟, 肖五子. 用密封容器复现铝凝固点［C］//中国计量测试学会. 全国电阻测温学术讨论会论文集. 北京, 1988: 7-9.
［4］陈冰泉, 赵琪. 用黑体辐射法复现铝凝固点［J］. 计量学报, 1992, 13(2): 114-119.
Chen B Q, Zhao Q. Reproduce the freezing point of aluminum with black body radiation ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 1992, 13(2): 114-119.
［5］瞿咏梅. 复现90温标定义固定点时杂质引起的偏差估算［J］. 计量学报, 2000, 21(4): 279-285.
Qu Y M. Estimation of the deviation caused by impurities on realizaing the ITS-90 fixed points［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2000, 21(4): 279-285.
［6］王玉兰, 邱萍. 对基准铝凝固点扩展不确定度评定［J］. 现代计量测试, 2001, (6): 37-38.
Wang Y L, Qiu P. Evaluation of the expanded uncertainty of the freezing point of benchmark aluminum［J］. Modern Measurement and Test, 2001, (6): 37-38.
［7］邱萍, 王玉兰. 铝凝固点及银凝固点容器国际关键比对评述［J］. 计量学报, 2007, 28(4): 106-109.
Qiu P, Wang Y L. Evaluation of CCT Key Comparison of Aluminium and Silver Freezing Point Cells ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2007, 28(4): 106-109.
［8］闫小克, 张金涛, 马重芳, 等. 钠热管炉复现铝凝固点［J］. 计量学报, 2009, 30(4): 317-320.
Yan X K, Zhang J T, Ma C F, et al. Realization of the Aluminum Freezing Point Using Sodium Heat Pipe Furnace ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2009, 30(4): 317-320.
［9］闫小克, 吕卓凡, 马重芳, 等. 高精度钠热管固定点炉及其等温特性［J］. 计量学报2009, 30(6): 489-492.
Yan X K, Lv Z F, Ma C F, et al. High Precise Sodium Heat Pipe Fixed Point Furnaces and Their IsothermaI Characteristics ［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2009, 30(6): 489-492.
［10］姚丽芳, 宋年兰. 银、铝、锌和锡凝固点的高精度复现［J］. 上海计量测试, 2002, 29(2): 21-25.
Yao L F, Song N L. High-precision reproduction of the freezing points of silver, aluminum, zinc and tin［J］. Shanghai Measurement and Testing, 2002, 29(2): 21-25.
［11］Silva R D, Pearce J V, Machin G. A systematic evaluation of contemporary impurity correction methods in ITS-90 aluminium fixed point cells［J］. Metrologia, 2017, 54(3): 365-380.
［12］Widiatmo J V, Harada K, Yamazawa K, et al. Estimation of impurity effect in aluminium fixed-point cells based on thermal analysis［J］. Metrologia, 2006, 43(6): 561.
［13］Renaot E, Valin M H, Elgourdou M. Influence of Impurities and Filling Protocol on the Aluminum Fixed Point［J］. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2008, 29(3): 852-860.
［14］Petchpong P, Head D I. The Influence of Titanium on the Aluminum Fixed-Point Temperature［J］. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2011, 32(7-8): 1507-1517.
［15］童文雨,张广明,于莉莉,等. N-甲基吡咯烷酮热管启动性能和等温性能实验研究［J］. 计量学报, 2020, 41(2): 170-174.
Tong W Y,Zhang G M,Yu L L,et al. Experimental Study on the Start-up Characteristic and Isothermal Performance of the N-methyl Pyrrolidone Heat Pipe［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2020, 41(2): 170-174.
［16］Mangum B W, Bloembergen P, Chattle M V, et al. On the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90). Part I: Some definitions［J］. Metrologia, 1997, 34(5): 427-429.
［17］Strouse G F. Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer Calibrations from the Ar TP to the Ag FP ［R］. NIST special publication, 2008: 31-32.
［18］李利峰, 李锐, 闫小克, 等. 镓熔点温坪复现研究［J］. 计量学报, 2020, 41(4): 419-424.
Li L F, Li R, Yan X K, et al. Study on the realization of gallium melting point plateau［J］. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2020, 41(4): 419-424. |
|
|
|
2021, Vol. 42 
