橡胶球是一种用于建筑声学测量活动的空心球体,用于模拟人类活动时产生的声音和振动。恢复系数是衡量橡胶球计量特性的重要指标之一。为简易、快速、准确地测量恢复系数,介绍了关于橡胶球恢复系数的测量方法及其系统构建。测量系统由多通道信号分析仪、加速度传感器、PC电脑及软件、测试工装组成。通过实时采集橡胶球的时域信号,并进行处理计算,得出测量值。考虑使用环境对测量带来的误差,给出了两种恢复系数的测量方法作为参考对比(基于初始高度和任意高度下落)。实验结果表明:在3个不同预设高度下(0.8m,1 m,1.2m),两种方法得到的恢复系数均在实际目标允许误差(0.8±0.1)范围内,证明了两种方法的可行性。提出的两种橡胶球恢复系数测量方法具有结构简单、测量精准和高效的特点,特别是利用弹跳碰撞时间差计算橡胶球恢复系数的方法简便易行,具有良好的工程实用性。
Abstract
The rubber ball is a hollow sphere, used for architectural acoustics measurements to simulate the sound and vibration generated by human activities.The recovery coefficient is an important parameter for measuring the characteristics of the rubber ball.To measure the recovery coefficient of the rubber ball accurately,quickly,and easily,a measurement method and system construction are introduced.The measurement system consists of a multi-channel signal analyzer,an accelerometer,a PC computer with software,and a testing fixture.The system captures the time-domain signals of the rubber ball in real-time and processes them to calculate the measurement values.Two measurement methods for the recovery coefficient are provided as reference comparisons,taking into account the errors caused by the measurement environment (based on initial height and arbitrary height).The experimental results show that the recovery coefficients obtained from both methods at three different preset heights (0.8m,1m,1.2m) fall within the allowable error range (0.8±0.1), demonstrating the feasibility of both methods. The two proposed rubber ball restitution coefficient measurement methods have the characteristics of simple structure, accurate measurement and high efficiency. In particular, the method of calculating the rubber ball restitution coefficient using the bounce collision time difference is simple and easy to implement and has good engineering practicability.
关键词
声学计量 /
橡胶球 /
恢复系数 /
建筑声学 /
计量器具
Key words
acoustic metrology /
rubber ball /
recovery coefficient /
architectural acoustics /
measuring instrument
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