针对不同尺度的球型和圆管型测量水听器,通过仿真软件COMSOL建立管中声场模型,分析不同尺度水听器对声场的干扰,进而对不同尺度水听器声压灵敏度补偿修正。通过振动液柱校准装置,在校准频段100~1000Hz对不同尺度水听器灵敏度标定,与补偿后的水听器灵敏度值比对结果表明:水听器的尺寸会扰乱周围声场分布,导致管中声场分布不均匀;当敏感元件尺寸接近声管内径时,圆管型测量水听器甚低频段干扰接近2.28dB,而高频段干扰最高达5dB。同尺寸的圆管水听器相较于球型水听器对声场的干扰较大。补偿后的水听器灵敏度不确定度在0.52dB以内,满足振动液柱法校准的指标要求。
Abstract
A sound field model in the tube was established using COMSOL simulation software for different scales of spherical and cylindrical hydrophones. The interference of different scales of hydrophones on the sound field was analyzed, and the pressure sensitivity of different scales of hydrophones was compensated and corrected accordingly. The hydrophones of different scale were calibrated using a vibrating liquid column calibration device in the frequency band of 100~1000Hz, and the comparison results with the compensated hydrophone sensitivity value indicated that the size of the hydrophone affects the distribution of the surrounding sound field, resulting in uneven distribution of the sound field in the tube. When the size of the sensitive element is close to the inner diameter of the acoustic tube, the interference of the cylindrical hydrophones in the very low frequency band is close to 2.28dB, and the interference in the high frequency band is up to 5dB. And the cylindrical hydrophone of the same size had greater interference to the sound field than the spherical hydrophone. The sensitivity uncertainty of the hydrophone after compensation is within 0.52dB, which meets the requirements of the calibration of the vibrating liquid column method.
关键词
声学计量 /
振动液柱法 /
声压灵敏度 /
圆管水听器 /
球型水听器 /
不确定度
Key words
acoustics metrology /
calibration with a vibrating column of liquid /
pressure sensitivity /
cylindrical hydrophone /
spherical hydrophone /
uncertainty
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基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0607505);国防军工计量“十三五”科研计划(JSJL2018207B007)
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