3D Visualization Method for Complex Lattice Structure Defects in 3D Printing
WEN Yin-tang1,2,GAO Ting-ting1,2,ZHANG Yu-yan1,2
1. School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
2. Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
Abstract:Due to the complex lattice structure of 3D printing is prone to defects such as cracks, unfused or holes, and its seriously affect the functional performance of structural parts, a 3D visual inspection method for 3D printed defects in a complex lattice structure was studied. Based on gray value difference feature of internal defect in CT images of lattice structure, a class of defects were automatic identified and segmented by using the collective gray value method, and the segmented defect image sequence was 3D reconstructed by using ray-casting method. The experiment results showed that the method proposed can effectively obtained a three-dimensional view of a typical defect inside the lattice structure, and from which the shape and size of defect can be described. A strong basis for further analysis of the impact of defects on structural performance is provided.
[1]Prakash K S, Nancharaih T, Rao V V S. Additive Manufacturing Techniques in Manufacturing-An Overview[J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2018, 5(2): 3873-3882.
[2]Pereira T, Kennedy J V, Potgieter J. A comparison of traditional manufacturing vs additive manufacturing, the best method for the job[J]. Procedia Manufacturing, 2019, 30: 11-18.
[3]王向明, 苏亚东, 吴斌, 等. 微桁架点阵结构在飞机结构、功能一体化中的应用[J]. 航空制造技术, 2018, 61(10): 16-25.
Wang X M, Sun Y D, Wu B, et al. Application for Additive Manufacturing of Lattice Materials on Integrated Aircraft Structures and Functions[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2018, 61(10): 16-25.
[4]易长炎, 柏龙, 陈晓红, 等. 金属三维点阵结构拓扑构型研究及应用现状综述[J]. 功能材料, 2017, 48(10): 10055-10065.
Yi C Y, Bai L, Chen X H, et al. Review on the metal three-dimensional lattice topology configurations research and application status[J]. Journal of Functional Materials, 2017, 48(10): 10055-10065.
[5]Galy C, Le Guen E L, Lacoste E, et al. Main defects observed in aluminum alloy parts produced by SLM: From causes to consequences[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2018, 22: 165-175.
[6]Liu L, Kamm P, Garcia-Moreno F, et al. Elastic and failure response of imperfect three-dimensional metallic lattices: the role of geometric defects induced by Selective Laser Melting[J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 2017, 107: 160-184.
[7]潘钊, 温银堂, 郑晓康, 等. 基于太赫兹图像的航天复合材料粘接缺陷检测方法研究[J]. 计量学报, 2018, 39(4): 471-475.
Pan Z, Wen Y T, Zhen X K, et al. Study on nondestructive testing for bonding defects in aerospace composite based on terahertz image[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2018, 39(4): 471-475.
[8]王晓娜, 厉阳, 侯德鑫, 等. 基于热成像的薄片材料热扩散率快速无损检测[J]. 计量学报, 2016, 37(3): 260-264.
Wang X N, Li Y, Hou D X, et al. A rapid and nondestructive detection on the thermal diffusivity of thin materials based on thermography[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2016, 37(3): 260-264.
[9]骆燕燕, 冯郁竹, 郝良, 等. 超声波法在电连接器接触压力测试中的应用[J]. 计量学报, 2018, 39(1): 72-76.
Luo Y Y, Feng Y Z, Hao L, et al. Application of Ultrasonic Method in Contact Stress Testing of Electric Connector[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2018, 39(1): 72-76.
[10]Xiao X, Gao B, Tian G Y, et al. Fusion model of inductive thermography and ultrasound for nondestructive testing[J]. Infrared Physics & Technology, 2019, 101: 162-170.
[11]Coleri E, Harvey J T, Yang K, et al. A micromechanical approach to investigate asphalt concrete rutting mechanisms[J]. Constr Build Mater, 2012, 30: 36-49.
[12]Jia L C, Chen M, Sun L T, et al. Experimental study on propagation of hydraulic fracture in volcanic rocks using industrial CT technology[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2013, 40(3): 405-408.
[13]Xie H H, Jiang J, Yang X F, et al. Nondestructive and fined characterization of injection molded ceramic parts by industrial computed tomography[J]. Ceramics International, 2019, 45: 17283-17288.
[14]Nagai Y, Ohtake Y, Suzuki H. SegMo: CT volume segmentation using a multi-level Morse complex[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 2019, 107: 23-36.
[15]Xiao Z F, Yang Y Q, Xiao R, et al. Evaluation of topology-optimized lattice structures manufactured via selective laser melting[J]. Materials & Design, 2018, 143: 27-37.
[16]Yan C, Hao L, Husssein A, et al. Advanced lightweight 316L stainless steel cellular lattice structures fabricated via selective laser melting[J]. Materials & Design, 2014, 55: 533-541.
[17] Zargarian A, Esfahanian M, Kadkhodapour J, et al. On the fatigue behavior of additive manufactured lattice structures[J]. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 2019, 100: 225-232.
[18]Kang D, Park S, Son Y, et al. Multi-lattice inner structures for High-strength and light-weight in metal selective laser melting process[J]. Material & Design, 2019, 175: 107786.
[19]Bill L, Martin L, Phuong T, et al. Computational modelling of strut defects in SLM manufactured lattice structures[J]. Materials & Design, 2019, 171: 107671.