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计量学报  2020, Vol. 41 Issue (8): 918-925    DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2020.08.04
  几何量计量 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
基于三维点云螺纹中轴线的拟合方法研究
谢张宁1,2,姜志华2,朱惠臣2,李智玮2,雷李华1,2,孔明1,王道档1,张波2
1. 中国计量大学计量测试工程学院, 浙江 杭州 310018
2. 上海计量测试技术研究院, 上海 201203
Research on Fitting Method of Thread Middle AxisBased on 3D Point Cloud
XIE Zhang-ning1,2,JIANG Zhi-hua2,ZHU Hui-chen2,LI Zhi-wei2,LEI Li-hua1,2,KONG Ming1,WANG Dao-dang1,ZHANG Bo2
1. College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
2. Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Shanghai 201203, China
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摘要 螺纹中轴线的精确测定是决定螺纹三维测量结果是否准确的重要因素之一。中轴线的倾斜、偏移会对工件坐标系的建立、螺纹的三维重构、参数检验等测量操作引入误差。基于三维点云的最小二乘拟合算法,开展了螺纹中轴线的拟合方法研究。根据螺纹表面点云数据,利用螺纹表面与中轴线的特征关系建立最小二乘数学模型,通过计算点云数据的三维凸包滤除螺纹自身三维结构带来的拟合误差,使螺纹中轴线的测定更精准。通过仿真实验,基于三维点云的最小二乘拟合算法拟合的直线与三维点云的距离方差为0.34,在旋合长度范围内与投影法确定的直线两端最大距离为0.15μm,符合三维测量高精度标准,基于三维点云的最小二乘拟合算法可以快速、准确地拟合螺纹中轴线。
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谢张宁
姜志华
朱惠臣
李智玮
雷李华
孔明
王道档
张波
关键词 计量学螺纹中轴线三维点云最小二乘法凸包    
Abstract:The accurate determination of the central axis of the thread is one of the important factors that determine whether the three-dimensional measurement result of the thread is accurate. The inclination and offset of the central axis will introduce errors in the measurement operations, such as setting up the workpiece coordinate system, reconstructing the three-dimensional thread, and inspecting the parameters.Based on three-dimensional point cloud, the least squares fitting algorithm is proposed to develop the fitting method of the central axis of the thread. According to the point cloud data of the thread surface, the least square mathematical model is established by using the characteristic relationship between the thread surface and the central axis, and the three-dimensional convex hull of the point cloud data is calculated to filter out the fitting error brought by the three-dimensional structure of the thread itself, so the measurement is more accurate. Through simulation experiments, the distance between the straight line fitted by the least square fitting algorithm based on the three-dimensional point cloud and the three-dimensional point cloud has a variance of 0.34, the maximum distance between the two ends of the straight line determined by the projection method within the twist length is 0.15μm, which meets the high-precision standard for three-dimensional measurement. It shows that the least squares fitting algorithm based on the three-dimensional point cloud is a fast and accurate fitting method of the thread central axis.
Key wordsmetrology    thread central axis    3D point cloud    least squares    convex hull
收稿日期: 2020-03-16      发布日期: 2020-08-13
PACS:  TB921  
基金资助:国家重大仪器科学设备开发(2018YFF01013104);航空科学基金(201856Y5001);国家市场监管总局科技项目(2019MK016)
通讯作者: 张波(1983-),浙江东阳人,上海计量测试技术研究院高级工程师,主要从事精密测量与标准化研究。Email: zhang82961135@163.com     E-mail: zhang82961135@163.com
作者简介: 谢张宁(1995-),浙江永嘉人,中国计量大学研究生,研究方向为几何量超精测试技术与仪器。Email: 534772237@qq.com
引用本文:   
谢张宁,姜志华,朱惠臣,李智玮,雷李华,孔明,王道档,张波. 基于三维点云螺纹中轴线的拟合方法研究[J]. 计量学报, 2020, 41(8): 918-925.
XIE Zhang-ning,JIANG Zhi-hua,ZHU Hui-chen,LI Zhi-wei,LEI Li-hua,KONG Ming,WANG Dao-dang,ZHANG Bo. Research on Fitting Method of Thread Middle AxisBased on 3D Point Cloud. Acta Metrologica Sinica, 2020, 41(8): 918-925.
链接本文:  
http://jlxb.china-csm.org:81/Jwk_jlxb/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2020.08.04     或     http://jlxb.china-csm.org:81/Jwk_jlxb/CN/Y2020/V41/I8/918
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