卫星钟在轨性能评估对于卫星钟差预报与系统完好性监测具有重要作用。利用国际GNSS服务组织发布的事后GPS精密卫星钟差数据,基于频率准确度、漂移率、万秒稳定度及天稳定度对GPS Block IIR、IIR-M、IIF与IIIA 4类卫星的星载钟性能进行评估。结果表明:1) GPS卫星钟的频率准确度与天漂移率分别在10-13～10-12量级与10-15～10-14量级;2) 星载铷钟的万秒稳定度与天稳定度分别可达10-14与10-15量级,比星载铯钟的同类指标高近一个数量级;3) 新型Block IIIA卫星的星载钟的天稳定度比另外3种类型卫星的星载钟的天稳定度更高,达到(3～5)×10-15的水平;4) 无论对于不同系列卫星还是同一系列卫星,各星载钟之间均存在一定的性能差异,这种差异与卫星钟在轨运行时间长短无显著关系。
Abstract
It plays an key role in system integrity monitoring and satellite clock prediction to evaluate the performance of satellite clocks in orbit. The work is aimed at evaluating the performance of the on-board clocks in the GPS Block IIR, IIR-M, IIF and newest Block IIIA satellites. The final precise GPS satellite clock produces from the International GNSS Service (IGS) are used to calculate the four indexes, namely the frequency accuracy, drift, stability for an average time of ten thousand seconds as well as stability for a 1-day average time. The results show that the magnitudes of frequency accuracy and drift reach the 10-13～10-12 and 10-15～10-14/d level, respectively. As for frequency stability, the in-orbit Rubidium clocks stability for an average time of ten thousand seconds and one day can reach a magnitude at the 10-14 and 10-15 level, respectively. It is illustrated that the stability of the in-orbit Rubidium clocks is noticeably higher than that of the cesium clocks by an order of magnitude both for the short-and long-term average time. The frequency accuracy and drift of the Block IIIA satellite clocks are comparable with those of the other clocks. However, the frequency stability for an one day interval is at a (3～5)×10-15 level and therefore higher than that of the existing satellite clocks in orbit, demonstrating that the on-board clocks equipped in the newest Block IIIA satellite are continually optimized and improved. In addition, It is found that even for the same Block satellites there are certain performance differences between the on-board clocks, which has no significant relationship with the operation time of the satellite clocks in flight.
关键词
计量学 /
在轨卫星钟 /
频率准确度 /
频率漂移率 /
频率稳定度 /
全球定位系统
Key words
metrology /
satellite clocks in-orbit;frequency accuracy /
frequency drift /
frequency stability /
GPS
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