Abstract:Based on the new generation analog-digital mixed phase-locked loop and SOHM-4 maser of Shanghai Observatory, the experiments mainly analyzed the contribution brought by parameters of phase-locked loop to both the short-term frequency stability and the signal-side-band phase noise of the output signal of the hydrogen masers. By theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the best loop parameters matching with the specific maser of high Q value is explored. Results showed that the parameter setting of phase-locked loop could definitely influence specifications of the masers output signal. And the improved phase-locked loop and main electronic system could upgrade the frequency stability of the maser to 1.7×10-13/1s, 3.3×10-14/10s, 9.1×10-15/100s, 2.9×10-15/1000s, 1.4×10-15/10000s,half-amplitude upper to the former specifications in each sample time.
[1]Kleppner D, Berg H C, Crampton S B, et al. Hydrogen-maser Principles and Techniques[J]. Physical Reviews,1965,138(4A):A972-A983.
[2]Vanier J, Tetu M.Phase-Locked Loops Used with Masers: Atomic Frequency Standards[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 1982,30(10): 2355-2361.
[3]Gardner F M.锁相环技术(第三版)[M].姚剑清译. 北京:人民邮电出版社.2007: 5-12.
[4]Lewis L L .An introduction to frequency standards[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1991, 79(7): 927-935.
[5]Lesage P. Caractérisation des fluctuations de fréquence et analyse du bruit d'amplitude dans le maser à hydrogène[D]. Thesis, France :Univ Paris-Sud, Centre dOrsay,1980.
[6]Vessot R F C, Levine M W, Mattison E M. Comparison of theoretical and observed hydrogen maser stability limitation due to thermal noise and the prospect for improvement by low temperature operation[C]// Proc. 9th Ann. Precise Time and Interval Appl. Planing Meet.(PTTI), 1977: 549-569.
[7]Vanier J, Tetu M, Bernier L G. Transfer of frequency stability from an atomic frequency reference to a quartz crystal oscillator[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 1979, 28(3): 188-193.