基因拷贝数变异检测技术及其应用

汤艳茹, 牛春艳, 董莲华, 杨靖亚

计量学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 769-778.

PDF(1947 KB)
PDF(1947 KB)
计量学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5) : 769-778. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2025.05.21
生物计量

基因拷贝数变异检测技术及其应用

作者信息 +

Detection Technology of Gene Copy Number Variations and its Application

Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

基因拷贝数变异(CNV)是一种复杂的变异类型,已有多项研究证明CNV与人类遗传病和癌症的发生发展直接相关,准确检测CNV对肿瘤患者早期诊断、靶向治疗、疗效监测、预后评价有重要意义。通过介绍CNV的定义及特点,阐述了荧光原位杂交、荧光定量PCR、数字PCR、高通量测序、微阵列比较基因组杂交芯片以及核酸质谱6种检测方法的原理及其应用,指出了CNV检测方法在应用过程中的关键点,如统一的判定标准、参考基因的选择、标准物质的应用、数据库的选择、样本前处理及仪器校准对结果的影响等,并总结了不同检测方法的优缺点,为其他研究者选择合适的检测方法提供借鉴意义。

Abstract

Gene copy number variations (CNV) is a complex type of variation, and many studies have proved that CNV is directly related to the occurrence and development of human genetic diseases and cancer. Accurate detection of CNV is of great significance for early diagnosis, targeted therapy, efficacy monitoring and prognosis evaluation of cancer patients. The definition and characteristics of CNV was introduced, the principles and applications of six detection methods, namely fluorescence in situ hybridization, fluorescence quantitative PCR, digital PCR, high-throughput sequencing, microarray comparative genome hybridization chip and nucleic acid mass spectrometry were described, and the key points in the application of CNV detection methods were pointed out, such as the influence of unified criteria, selection of reference genes, application of standard substances, selection of database, sample pre-processing and instrument calibration on the results, and the advantages and disadvantages of different detection methods were summarized, which provided reference significance for other researchers to choose suitable detection methods.

关键词

生物计量学 / 基因突变 / 拷贝数变异 / 数字PCR / NGS

Key words

biometrology / genic mutation / copy number variations / digital PCR / NGS

引用本文

导出引用
汤艳茹, 牛春艳, 董莲华, . 基因拷贝数变异检测技术及其应用[J]. 计量学报. 2025, 46(5): 769-778 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2025.05.21
TANG Yanru, NIU Chunyan, DONG Lianhua, et al. Detection Technology of Gene Copy Number Variations and its Application[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica. 2025, 46(5): 769-778 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1158.2025.05.21
中图分类号: TB99   

参考文献

1
朱正威,赵占良,等. 生物:遗传与进化[M]. 北京:人民教育出版社, 2007.
2
KAUR R P VASUDEVA K KUMAR R, et al. Role of p53 gene in breast cancer: Focus on mutation spectrum and therapeutic strategies[J]. Curr Pharm Des201824(30): 3566-3575.
3
王冰,王军,杨忠,等. 肿瘤驱动基因拷贝数变异检测的应用研究进展[J].医疗装备202134(1): 190-194.
WANG B WANG J YANG Z, et al. Application research progress in detection of copy number variation of tumor driver genes. Medical Equipment202134(1): 190-194.
4
CHAKRAVARTY D SOLIT D B. Clinical cancer genomic profiling[J]. Nat Rev Genet202122(8): 483-501.
5
康争春,鄂继福,于恩达,等. 基于癌症基因组图谱数据库探索结肠癌拷贝数变异基因及其功能通路[J]. 西部医学201931(70): 994-1001.
KANG Z C E J F YU E D, et al. Exploring copy number variant genes and their functional pathways in colon cancer based on the Cancer Genome Atlas[J]. Med J West China201931(7):994-1001.
6
POS O, RADVANSZKY J BUGLYO G, et al. DNA copy number variation:Main characteristics,evolutionary significance,and pathological aspects[J]. Biomed J202144(5): 548-559.
7
LOVSIN N. Copy number variation and osteoporosis[J]. Curr Osteoporos Rep202321(2): 167-172.
8
SHI W MASSAIA A LOUZADA S, et al. Copy number variation arising from gene conversion on the human Y chromosome[J]. Hum Genet2018137(1): 73-83.
9
ROGERS M J. Y chromosome copy number variation and its effects on fertility and other health factors:a review[J]. Transl Androl Urol202110(3): 1373-1382.
10
HUJOEL M L A SHERMAN M A BARTON A R, et al. Influences of rare copy-number variation on human complex traits[J]. Cell2022185(22): 4233-4248.
11
许明炎,周衍庆,陈亚如,等. 一种检测MET基因扩增的方法及装置: CN112592976B[P]. 2020-12-30.
12
REIS H METZENMACHER M GOETZ M, et al. MET expression in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer:Effect on clinical outcomes of chemotherapy,targeted therapy, and immunotherapy[J]. Clin Lung Cancer201819(4): e441-e463.
13
LAI G G Y LIM T H,LIM J, et al. Clonal MET amplification as a determinant of tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer[J]. J Clin Oncol201937(11): 876-884.
14
FUJINO T SUDA K MITSUDOMI T. Lung cancer with MET exon 14 skipping mutation:Genetic feature,current treatments,and future challenges[J]. Lung Cancer (Auckl)202112: 35-50.
15
MAZIERES J VIOIX H PFEIFFER B M, et al. MET exon 14 skipping in NSCLC:A systematic literature review of epidemiology,clinical characteristics,and outcomes[J]. Clin Lung Cancer202324(6): 483-497.
16
REMON J HENDRIKS L E L MOUNTZIOS G, et al. MET alterations in NSCLC-current perspectives and future challenges[J]. J Thorac Oncol202318(4): 419-435.
17
SOLOMON B J KIM D W WU Y L, et al. Final overall survival analysis from a study comparing first-line crizotinib versus chemotherapy in ALK-mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer[J]. J Clin Oncol201836(22): 2251-2258.
18
CORTOT A LE X SMIT E, et al. Safety of MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with MET exon 14 skipping non-small cell lung cancer:A clinical review[J]. Clin Lung Cancer202223(3): 195-207.
19
BALDACCI S KHERROUCHE Z COCKENPOT V,et al. MET amplification increases the metastatic spread of EGFR-mutated NSCLC[J]. Lung Cancer2018125: 57-67.
20
SONG Z WANG H YU Z, et al. De novo MET amplification in chinese patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and treatment efficacy with crizotinib:A multicenter retrospective study[J]. Clin Lung Cancer201920(2): 171-176.
21
LANDI L MINUTI G D'INCECCO A, et al. MET overexpression and gene amplification in NSCLC:a clinical perspective[J]. Lung Cancer(Auckl)20134: 15-25.
22
NAU M M BROOKS B J BATTEY J,et al. L-myc,a new myc-related gene amplified and expressed in human small cell lung cancer[J]. Nature1985318(6041): 69-73.
23
SCHWAB M ALITALO K KLEMPNAUER K H, et al. Amplified DNA with limited homology to myc cellular oncogene is shared by human neuroblastoma cell lines and a neuroblastoma tumour[J]. Nature1983305(5931): 245-8.
24
RAMOS J M. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)[J]. Methods Mol Biol20222422: 179-189.
25
陈波,郭洁. 1例复杂染色体核型的产前诊断及分析[J]. 中国计划生育学杂志201927(3): 396-397.
CHEN B GUO J. Prenatal diagnosis and analysis of a case of complex chromosome karyotype[J]. Chin J Fam Plann201927(3): 396-397.
26
BARBOSA A MIRANDA S AZEVEDO N F, et al. Imaging biofilms using fluorescence in situ hybridization:seeing is believing[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol202313: 1195803.
27
柏乾明,师晓华,等. 非小细胞肺癌MET临床检测中国专家共识[J]. 中华病理学杂志202251(11):1094-1103.
BAI Q M SHI X H,et al. Chinese expert consensus on clinical practice of MET detection in non-small cell lung cancer[J]. Chin J of Pathology202251(11): 1094-1103.
28
高运华. JJF1527-2015《聚合酶链反应分析仪校准规范》解读[J]. 中国计量2016(8): 117-118.
29
ZUCHA D KUBISTA M VALIHRACH L. Tutorial:Guidelines for single-cell RT-qPCR[J]. Cells202110(10).
30
Arya M Shergill I S Williamson M, et al. Basic principles of real-time quantitative PCR[J]. Expert Rev Mol Diagn2005 5(2): 209-19.
31
丁博群,刘珊娜. 荧光定量PCR技术在食品快速检测中的应用[J]. 食品工业科技202142(7): 366-373.
DING B Q LIU S N. Application of Real-time Quantitative PCR Technology in Food Rapid Detection[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry202142(7): 366-373.
32
HE H J,DAS B, CLEVELAND M H, et al. Development and interlaboratory evaluation of a NIST Reference Material RM 8366 for EGFR and MET gene copy number measurements[J]. Clin Chem Lab Med201957(8): 1142-1152.
33
黄小玲,张登,廖嘉明,等. 荧光定量PCR技术的原理及其在植物研究中的应用[J]. 安徽农业科学201846(25): 36-40.
HUANG X L ZHANG D LIAO J M, et al. Principles and Applications of Fluorescent Quantitative PCR in Plant Research[J]. AnHui Agric Sci201846(25): 36-40.
34
徐栋超. 在发育与损伤的小鼠的中枢神经组织中筛选合适的内参基因[D]. 杭州: 杭州师范大学, 2018.
35
苗增民. 兔舍环境真菌气溶胶及其向环境的传播[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2010.
36
唐月明,伊洁. 数字聚合酶链反应(dPCR)技术在病原体基因检测应用中的研究进展[J]. 现代检验医学杂志202136(5): 174-179.
TANG Y M YI J. Recent Advances in Research on Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction(dPCR) in Pathogen Gene Detection[J]. J Mod Lab Med202136(5): 174-179.
37
李会杰,陈桂芳,董莲华,等. HPV16与HPV18假病毒核酸标准物质定值研究[J]. 计量学报202344(3): 384-391.
LI H J CHEN G F DONG L H, et al. The Research of Quantification for HPV16 and HPV18 Pseudovirus Nucleic Acid Reference Materials[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica202344(3): 384-391.
38
国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 标准物质通用术语和定义: JJF 1005-2016 [S].
39
LARSON N B OBERG A L ADJEI A A, et al. A clinician's guide to bioinformatics for next-generation sequencing[J]. J Thorac Oncol202318(2): 143-157.
40
HILT E E FERRIERI P. Next generation and other sequencing technologies in diagnostic microbiology and infectious diseases[J]. Genes (Basel)202213(9):1566.
41
PERVEZ M T HASNAIN M J U ABBAS S H, et al. A comprehensive review of performance of next-generation sequencing platforms[J]. Biomed Res Int20222022: 3457806.
42
刘珍,刘永壮. 高通量测序数据的基因组拷贝数变异检测方法综述[J]. 生物信息学202422(1): 11-18.
LIU Z LIU Y Z. A review of methods for copy number variation detection using high-throughput sequencing data[J]. Chinese Journal of Bioinformatics202422(1): 11-18.
43
董颖,陈赛娟. 微阵列--比较基因组杂交技术及其应用[J]. 国外医学.遗传学分册200427(2): 61-6.3
DONG Y CHEN S J. Microarrays -- Comparative genomic hybridization and its applications[J]. Section Genet Foreign Med Sci200427(2): 61-63.
44
王艳芳,王化,郤连永,等. 利用微阵列比较基因组杂交技术检测多发性骨髓瘤的遗传学异常[J]. 中国实验血液学杂志2018(5): 1389-1395.
WANG Y F WANG H XI L Y, et al. Detection of the Cytogenetic Aberrations in Multiple Myeloma by Using Microrray Comparative Genomic Hybridization[J]. Journal of Experimental Hematology2018, (5): 1389-1395.
45
马东阳,于莉莉,刘贵峰. 微阵列比较基因组杂交技术的研究进展[J]. 海南医学201930(23): 3110-3113.
MA D Y YU L L LIU G F. Advancement in study on array-based comparative genomic hybridization[J]. Hainan Med J201930(23): 3110-3113.
46
秦谦,刘博,杨琳,等. 基于高通量测序技术的拷贝数变异筛选分析流程的建立及应用[J]. 中国循证儿科杂志201813(4): 275-279.
QIN Q LIU B YANG L, et al. Application of copy number variation screening analysis process based on high?throughput sequencing technology[J]. Chin J Evid Based Pediatr201813(4): 275-279.
47
KWON M J KIM R N SONG K, et al. Genes co-amplified with ERBB2 or MET as novel potential cancer-promoting genes in gastric cancer[J]. Oncotarget20178(54): 92209-92226.
48
PALKA BAYARD DE VOLO C ALFONSI M MORIZIO E, et al. A 343 Italian cohort of patients analysed with array-comparative genomic hybridization:unsolved problems and genetic counselling difficulties[J]. J Intellect Disabil Res202165(9): 863-869.
49
PINHEIRO M I SILVA C LOURENCO L, et al. Array-CGH:importance in the study of developmental delays in pediatrics[J]. Rev Neurol202071(5): 171-176.
50
GAO Y CHEN X WANG J, et al. A novel approach for copy number variation analysis by combining multiplex PCR with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J]. J Biotechnol2013166(1-2): 6-11.
51
赵欣,肖迪. 质谱技术在核酸检测分析中的研究进展[J]. 中华预防医学杂志202458(1): 98-106.
ZHAO X XIAO D. Research progress of mass-spectrometric technique in nucleic acid detection and analysis[J]. Chin J Prev Med202458(1): 98-106.
52
陈琛,刘昕超,张海燕,等. 中国核酸质谱应用专家共识[J]. 中华医学杂志201898(12): 895-900.
CHEN C LIU X C ZHANG H Y, et al. China nucleic acid mass spectrometry application expert consensus[J]. Natl Med J China201898(12): 895-900.
53
曹书娟,刘彬,朱安娜. MALDI-TOF MS在药物基因组学检测中的应用及展望[J]. 分子诊断与治疗杂志202012(1): 113-117.
CAO S J LIU B ZHU A N. Application and prospect of MALDI-TOF MS in pharmacogenomics[J]. J Mol Diagn Ther202012(1): 113-117.
54
梁建琴,吴雪琼,安慧茹,等. 核酸基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱技术在结核病和非结核分枝杆菌病诊断中的临床应用专家共识[J]. 中国防痨杂志202345(6): 543-558.
LIANG J Q WU X Q AN H R, et al. Expert consensus on the clinical application of nucleic acid MALDI-TOF MS technique in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis mycobacteriosis[J]. Chin J Antituberc202345(6): 543-558.
55
ZHAO H YANG Y,LYU J, et al. Development and application of a method to detect 27 respiratory pathogens using multiplex RT-PCR combined with MassARRAY technology[J]. BMC Infect Dis202121(1): 870.
56
胡婷,刘珊玲. 拷贝数变异检测在产前诊断中的应用指南[J]. 中华医学遗传学杂志202037(9): 909-917.
HU T LIU S L. A guide to the use of copy number variation assays in prenatal diagnosis[J]. Chin J Med Genet202037(9): 909-917.

基金

中国计量科学研究院基本科研业务费(AKYZD2202)

PDF(1947 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail

段落导航
相关文章

/