Abstract：In areas such as microwave remote sensing and deep space exploration, it is expected that accurate antenna radiation patterns can be obtained in order to acquire realistic observations by inverting the visibility function. Therefore, there is an urgent demand of quantitative measurement error from different methods to measure radiation patterns. From the perspective of metrology, quantitative studies by comparing between precision measurements and simulations are conducted. The precise measured data for the standard gain horn antenna show that among far-field method, planar near-field method and spherical near-field method, the conclusions can be drawn : 1) the spherical near-field method has the best zero-depth effect, the far-field method is the worst, and the planar near-field method is in between the two. 2) The effective angular range of the plane near-field method is located within ±60°, beyond this range, the truncation error increases sharply and becomes invalid. 3) the far-field method shows obvious ripple outside the angular range ±80°. Another comparison shows that the spherical near-field method and the compact field method have a better agreement effect, but the curves from the former are smoother. For linear array antennas, the simulated technology is used to study comparatively the accuracy of the three near-field methods. The quantitative research results can be a guide to select the right antenna measurement system and improve the accuracy of radiation pattern measurement.
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